Resource Factors Affecting Labour Demand
for Textile and Garment Industry in Thailand
doi: https://doi.org/10.13052/jiems2446-1822.2017.013
K. Leerojanaprapa1, and K. Bhundarak2
1Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s Institute
of Technology Ladkrabang, Ladkrabang, Bangkok, 10520, Thailand
2Thammasat Business School, Thammasat University, Phranakorn,
Bangkok, 10200, Thailand
Abstract: [+] | Download File [ 2775KB ] | Read Article Online
Abstract: This article aims to define the correlation between particular resource
variables with the labour demand and propose forecasting model for labor
demand in textile industry represented by fiber manufacturing companies
(ISIC CODE 13111) and in garment industry represented by the manufacturer
of work wear (ISIC CODE 14111) in Thailand by multiple regression with
and without variable transformation. This research defined eight independent
variables: Land capital (X1), Buildings capital (X2), Machinery capital (X3),
Working capital (X4), Factory area (X5), Building area (X6), Horsepower
(X7), and Type of manufacturer (X8). Secondary data were acquired from
the Department of Industrial Works where registered companies submitted
their essential data and obtained the approval permit in doing business during
2015. The result of analysis by multiple linear regression are used to explain
how particular resource factors affect labour demand for textile and garment
industry in Thailand by comparing between textile and garment industry. The
results from the study also reveal that transforming labor demand (Y) and
Horsepower (X7) with logarithm satisfy all regression assumptions and the
forecasting models are also proposed.
Keywords: Multiple regression analysis, workforce, textile and garment
manufacturers.
Factors Affecting the Total Cost and Design
of the Supply Chain Network
doi: https://doi.org/10.13052/jiems2446-1822.2017.012
Razaullah1, Iftikhar Hussain2, Shahid Maqsood2
and Ishtiaq Ahmad3
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sarhad University of Science & IT,
Peshawar, Pakistan
2Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology,
Peshawar, Pakistan
3PhD Scholar, Department of Management Sciences, Iqra National University,
Peshawar, Pakistan
Abstract: [+] | Download File [ 2161KB ] | Read Article Online
Abstract: The network design determines the physical configuration and infrastructure
of the supply chain. An efficient supply chain network design is essential for
organizations as it aims to minimize the total cost and the products reach the
demand points at lowest cost possible with flexible demand. In order to design
the supply chain network, an optimization model is developed with a single
objective to minimize the total cost. The model determines the best locations
of network nodes to minimize the total cost while satisfying the customer
demands. The objective function considers the minimization of transportation
cost, production cost and the operational costs for the facilities. The incorporation
of budget constraint, delivery mode, cross-route costs, maximum flow
by a shipping firm, production capacity of the plants, stocking capacity of
distribution centers and traffic factors on the supply routes in the mathematical
model further broadened the problem. Computational results for different data
sets revealed that the proposed solution approach and mathematical model is
effective. Also, it has been demonstrated that the benefits of considering traffic
factor, cross-route costs, delivery mode and shipping firm selection during
supply chain network design phase are significant.
Keywords: Cost minimization, Network design, Supply chain, Shipping
firm.
Abstract: The industry of nutritional products and premixes does not forgive poor
quality. It is crucial manufacturers get product right the first time. However,
the quality in this industry is always under threat of contamination issues
with out-of-specifications and foreign matter impurity being always on the
radar of quality control. Six Sigma approach is renowned for improving
quality through eliminating variation. It focuses on critical processes that
affect the quality for internal and external customer. This paper aims to
describe the journey of improving the quality management through development
and application of Six Sigma framework using carefully selected
tools, specifically tailored for medium-sized food manufacturing business in
Auckland, New Zealand. This facility is experiencing contamination issues in
their products due to nonconformance with the standard specifications on
ingredient quantity or presence of foreign matter within the end product.
Defective products have caused a spike in late deliveries and rejections,
spoiling the long-earned reputation amongst loyal customers. A framework
is developed that embodies Six Sigma methods Define, Measure, Analyze,
Control and Improve for food manufacturing business. Using this framework,
the study achieves the optimization in loading, mixing and blending processes
as well as product packaging. The results describe the improvement in meeting manufacturing standards, on-time deliveries and reduction of rework and
waste. This research provides direction to other small- medium-sized food
manufacturing companies in enhancing quality management through eliminating
variation in the production processes by effectively adopting the Six Sigma
framework.
Keywords: Six Sigma, DMAIC, Quality management, Contamination, Food
manufacturing, Nutritional products, Powder mixing.
A Multi-Depot Logistics Distribution Routing Model for Unexpected Events
doi: https://doi.org/10.13052/jiems2446-1822.2017.010
Xiaoxia Huang1, Liying Song1 and Hongqing Song2
1Donlinks School of Economics and Management, University of Science
and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China 100083
2School of Civil and Enviromental Engineering, University of Science
and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China 100083
Abstract: [+] | Download File [ 324KB ] | Read Article Online
Abstract: This paper discusses a multi-depot vehicle routing problem for dispatching
vehicles in multi-depots to send relief material to the affected areas in
unexpected events. Due to the occurrence of the unexpected events, people’s
demands in the affected areas and the vehicles’ travel times on roads lack
historical data and are given by experts’ estimations. Uncertain variables are
used to describe these parameters. By using uncertainty theory, a multi-depot
logistics distribution routing model is developed. To solve the problem, the
equivalent of the proposed model is also presented. As an illustration, an
example is also presented and discussed.
Keywords: Multi-depot vehicle routing problem, emergency logistics,
uncertain programming, uncertainty theory, genetic algorithm.
Abstract: To increase the security of modern, volatile supply chains a proactive risk
management based on real-time risk related information transparency is
required. At this time, none or only limited empirical/objective information
about digitalization benefits for supply chain risk management is available.
A method is needed, which draws conclusion on the estimation of costs and
benefits of digitalization initiatives. The paper presents a flexible simulationbased
approach for evaluating digitalization scenarios prior to realization. The
evaluation approach is integrated into a framework and its applicability will
be shown in a case study of a German steel producer, evaluating digitalization
effects on the Mean Lead time-at-risk.
Keywords: Supply chain risk management, Smart supply chain risk
management, Digitalization, Simulation, Industry 4.0.
Abstract: We consider a joint location inventory replenishment problem involving a
chain of supermarkets at designated locations. Associated with each supermarket
is stochastic stationary demand where inventory replenishment periods
are uniformly fixed over the supermarkets. Considering inventory positions
of the supermarket chain, we formulate a finite state Markov decision process
model where states of a Markov chain represent possible states of demand
for milk powder product. The unit replenishment cost, shortage cost, demand
and inventory positions are used to generate the total inventory cost matrix;
representing the long run measure of performance for the Markov decision
process problem. The problem is to determine for each supermarket at a
specific location an optimal replenishment policy so that the long run inventory
costs are minimized for the given state of demand. The decisions of replenishing
versus not replenishing at a given location are made using dynamic
programming over e finite period planning horizon. We test the model using
data from two supermarket locations. The model demonstrates the existence
of an optimal state-dependent replenishment policy and inventory costs for
two selected supermarket locations.
Keywords: Inventory replenishment, Joint location, Stochastic demand,
Supermarket chain
Abstract: This study collected 60 Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) data
of workers from handmade drinks stores to understand their discomforts on
various body sites. The NMQ results indicate that the overall prevalence of
musculoskeletal disorders was 88.0% within 1-year. In terms of discomfort,
66.4% of the respondents experienced discomfort at hands/wrists, whereas
those at other body sites were less than 42%. The discomfort at hands/wrists
was extremely higher than that data collected from other body sites in this
study, as well as the different tasks in the previous surveys. Logistic regression
result showed that one of the risk factors in hands/wrists discomfort was gender
(odds ratio, male:female = 1:3.67). This study further recruited 10 male and
10 female participants to perform the simulated handmade drinks tasks and
to measure their wrist postures using a goniometer, under three handmadedrink
methods (i.e., upward, curve, and downward shaking). Results showed
that, when performing the downward shaking task, females’ wrists revealed
more server ulnar deviations (–21.8◦) and radial deviation (15.4◦) on the left and right wrists, respectively, than males’. Contrarily, the male participants
adopted a relatively neutral wrist posture (deviations were less than 10◦)
during shaking. The findings of this study can be served as references for
the prevention from the musculoskeletal disorders resulting from the drinks
handmade task, especially for corrective shaking method and employee
recruitment.
Keywords: Musculoskeletal disorders, NMQ questionnaire, Handmadedrink
task.
SPC-Based Decision Supporting System For Data Analysis of Tomato, Bell Pepper and Chili
doi: https://doi.org/10.13052/jiems2446-1822.2017.006
Zaira P. Caranay1 and Rionel Belen Caldo2
1Computer Engineering Department, Lyceum of the Philippines University –
Laguna (LPU-L), Philippines
2Computer Engineering Department, Tanauan City College (TCC),
Batangas, Philippines
2Electronics and Communications Engineering Department,
De La Salle University (DLSU), Manila, Philippines
Abstract: [+] | Download File [ 2771KB ] | Read Article Online
Abstract: Indeed, Philippines is rich in agricultural resources. However, the country
needs improvement by implementing new systems, which will help farmers
in lessening their works. In this work, the proponents designed and developed
a system that is capable of reading a excel file from the monitored plants (Bell
pepper, Tomato and Chili). This study is divided in two parts; the software
and the hardware. In hardware part, the proponents used LCD (Liquid Crystal
Display) Monitor and cell phones. On the other hand, software parts included
all the programming language like Visual Basic. Net. Decision Supporting
System and Statistical Process Control (SPC) are the tools and methodologies
used in this study. Moreover, control charts were used in showing data trends
for analysis and make decision based on the data uploaded in the system.
After analyzing of data, the design system will decide whether the charts
encounters abnormality, Out-of-Control and Out-of-Specification, and it will
be sent through text message. An SMS message will help the user to alert
if there’s an Out-of-Control and Out-of-Specification detected in the data. With this, the module is able to help farmers in modeling an intelligent
farm system with decision support system in identifying the special cause
of variation of plants.
Keywords: Statistical Process Control, Control Charts, OOC, OOS and
Decision Support System.
Abstract: This paper presents an analysis of a typical assembly line problem which
examines how to balance a manual packing line of a local company engaged
in manufacturing snack foods. The subject assembly line consists of various
manual activities thus seeing the need to set up standard time in order to control
excess labor cost and to avoid forcing the worker to perform beyond his
or her normal capacity. The work aims to initially establish time standards for
activities involved in every workstation through time study. The appropriate
time study technique for the subject process line will be briefly discussed on
the study. As a result, line balancing approach will be utilized to determine
the optimal number of manpower requirement per workstation. Given this
method, the study seeks to eliminate build-up of work-in-process between
activities, minimize the deviation of utilization of workstations, maximize the
capacity of the line and minimize the labor-hour expended per unit of product.
The desired outcome of the study is to develop a configuration that will serve
as a decision support system for the person in charge to estimate the ideal
number of crew to be positioned per workstation. Additionally, the benefits of “walking-worker” will be introduced over a conventional fixed worker in an
assembly line. The work will also provide the company an initial systematic
procedure for setting up time standards and a performance control system for
other product lines.
Keywords: Methods Engineering, Walking-worker, Decision Support
System, Manual Packing, Motion and Time Study.
Abstract: Research on human-computer interaction started in the year 1960s. It was
supported by different fields such as anthropology, cognitive psychology,
cognitive science, experimental psychology, ergonomics and human factors.
Even though there are almost, millions of automatic teller machines available
in the world, users of the machine still have usability problems including
inappropriate user – ATM interaction, display problems and others. The
study aims to conduct a comparative study between five different automated
teller machines; Landbank of the Philippines, Bank of the Philippine Islands,
Chinabank, Robinson’s Bank and Banco de Oro, which are all located within
the vicinity of Bulacan State University which also includes Graceland Mall
in the City of Malolos. The study also aims to determine which factors have
the significant effect on the interaction between humans and ATMs, and to
evaluate the usability of the said ATMs and its effectiveness to users. The
researchers conducted the study from the month of August up to the month of
September of the current year. Survey, Queueing process and time experiment
was used to support the study. The aspects look into are the visibility of the
systems status and feedback on the user, meaningful labels and descriptive
Keywords: links, match between the system and the real world, user control and freedom,
consistency, error prevention, learnability and memorability, flexibility and
efficiency of use, aesthetics and satisfaction. Only those who have completely
accomplished all the questions were considered in the study. The goal of the
study is to establish an ergonomically designedATMinterface that will suffice
users’ needs as well as is suitable for its intended task.
Abstract: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), road traffic accidents
is one of the top causes of death worldwide that claims roughly 1.3 million
lives annually. In the Philippines, the Philippine National Police-Highway
Patrol Group (PNP-HPG) data showed that there were 15,572 road accidents
nationwide for the whole of 2014, with 1,252 persons killed and 9,347 others
injured. A comprehensive study was conducted which aims to determine
which road traffic accident factors are significant with the severity of road
traffic accidents, determine which factors are significant per level of severity,
and determine the human factors associated in the occurrence of road traffic
accidents that are significant with the levels of severity. Markov Chain
Switching Approach enables to determine the probability of occurrence of
road traffic accidents and the significant factors that affects the severity
of a road traffic accident since it takes into consideration the heterogeneity of
the variables and the different time-varying and time-dependent constraints
which are not considered by other regression techniques used in road traffic
accidents severity literature.
Keywords: Markov Chain Switching Model, Road Traffic Accidents, Injury
Severity, Commonwealth Avenue.
Abstract: With oil being a non-renewable energy, buyers of aviation fuel are more
inclined to purchase Jet-A1 from oil companies that offer the best jet fuel.Aviation
fuel has the same content even when purchased halfway across the world.
Although price is an apparent factor that airlines consider when deciding which
oil company to choose for as a supplier, there are ambiguous factors that need
to be established so that continuous product development can be made by
the aviation fuel organizations. This study used conjoint analysis as a tool to
establish the attributes considered by airlines in deciding which oil company
best meet their needs. As a result, the following six attributes of aviation
fuel were identified: availability, price, accessibility, manpower, equipment
and facilities and fuel quality and safety. The results indicate that fuel
quality has the greatest influence on the respondents’ purchasing intentions,
followed by price, availability, equipment and facilities, and accessibility.
Manpower was the least important attribute with regard to the airlines’ buying
intention.
Keywords: Conjoint analysis,Aviation fuel, Purchasing intention, Consumer
preference, Part-worth.
e-CALLISTO Network System and the Observation of Structure of Solar Radio Burst Type III
doi: https://doi.org/10.13052/jiems2446-1822.2017.001
M. O. Ali1, Z. S. Hamidi1, N. N. M. Shariff2, M. S. Faid3,
S. N. U. Sabri4, Nurulhazwani Husien4, N. H. Zainol4
and C. Monstein5
1Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
Selangor, Malaysia
2Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
Selangor, Malaysia
3Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies, MARA Technology University,
Selangor, Malaysia
4Faculty of Applied Sciences, MARA Technology University,
Selangor, Malaysia
5Insitute of Astronomy, Wolfgang-Pauli-Str, 27 8093 Zürich,
Switzerland
Abstract: [+] | Download File [ 2657KB ] | Read Article Online
Abstract: This paper highlighted on the unique occurrence of the Solar Radio Burst
Type III (SRBT III) during the high activities of the Sun. e-CALLISTO
network is the system that responsible for the observation of the Sun 24 hours
per day, which is a program under IHY/UNBSSI and ISWI instrument
deployment program. The data was taken from one of the part of e-CALLISTO
network which is Bleien, Switzerland. The event that had been selected was on
27th August 2015 since there was two subtypes of SRBT III can be obviously
observed during the day within 12:00 UT till 12:05 UT. The current condition of solar wind speed is 348 km/s with density 8.4 protons/cm3. Besides the
magnetic flux also quite high which is 13.4 nT. Regarding the detection of
SRBTIII, the x-ray flux data from Solar Monitor shows there is strong class mflare
also occur. The strong flare is also believed to have high temperature due
to the high magnetic field. A geo-effective explosion was occur even though
the sunspot no longer directly facing on the earth. The active region AR2403
was predicted can potentially cause radio blackout and radiation storm as long
as the sunspot remains visible.
Keywords: CALLISTO network system, Solar Radio Burst, Solar Flare.
